Domain paper 304

CUET Biology

CUET Biology (paper 304) uses the thirteen chapters of the rationalised NCERT Class 12 Biology book, grouped into five official units numbered VI to X. Genetics and evolution is the heaviest unit and the only one with real numericals: Mendelian ratios, Hardy–Weinberg frequencies and DNA replication counts. Elsewhere, questions test precise NCERT facts such as ploidy levels, hormone roles, pathogens, enzyme names, scientists and examples, often through match-the-following lists, sequences and statement sets. Read the NCERT text line by line, including figure labels and tables, since one changed word usually separates the right option.

5 units
50 questions · 60 min
+5 / −1 marking
NCERT Class 12 Biology
4,02,844 appeared in 2026

What to study in each unit

Based on the official NTA 2026 syllabus, mapped to NCERT chapters.

Unit	What to study	NCERT
Unit VI: Reproduction	Microsporogenesis, pollen grain, 7-celled 8-nucleate embryo sac; pollination types and outbreeding devices Double fertilisation and triple fusion; endosperm (3n), embryo, seed and fruit; apomixis, polyembryony, parthenocarpy Testis and ovary structure; spermatogenesis and oogenesis; hormonal control of the menstrual cycle Fertilisation, cleavage, blastocyst, implantation, placenta hormones (hCG, hPL), parturition and lactation Contraceptive methods, MTP, STIs, amniocentesis; ART such as IVF, ZIFT, GIFT, ICSI and IUI Double fertilisation Polyembryony Blastocyst ZIFT	Ch 1–3
Unit VII: Genetics and evolution	Monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, test cross, incomplete dominance, codominance, ABO multiple alleles, pleiotropy, polygenic traits Linkage (Morgan), sex determination in humans, birds and honey bees, pedigree analysis, Mendelian and chromosomal disorders DNA double helix, nucleosomes, Griffith, Hershey–Chase, Meselson–Stahl semiconservative replication Transcription unit, types of RNA, genetic code, tRNA, translation and the lac operon Human Genome Project goals and DNA fingerprinting (VNTR) Miller's experiment, Darwin's natural selection, evidences, adaptive radiation, Hardy–Weinberg p² + 2pq + q² = 1, human evolution Codominance Semiconservative replication Lac operon Genetic drift	Ch 4–6
Unit VIII: Biology and human welfare	Typhoid, pneumonia, common cold, malaria (Plasmodium life cycle), amoebiasis, ascariasis, filariasis and ringworm Innate and acquired immunity, active and passive immunity, antibody structure, vaccination, allergy (IgE, histamine) and autoimmunity Lymphoid organs; HIV and AIDS; cancer types, detection and treatment; effects of opioids, cannabinoids and cocaine Microbes in curd, bread, beverages, antibiotics (penicillin), enzymes and bioactive molecules (cyclosporin A, statins) Primary and secondary sewage treatment, BOD, methanogens and biogas, Bacillus thuringiensis and biofertilisers Passive immunity Interferons BOD Methanogens	Ch 7–8
Unit IX: Biotechnology and applications	Restriction endonucleases (EcoRI and palindromes), ligase, gel electrophoresis Cloning vectors (pBR322, ori, selectable markers, insertional inactivation), competent hosts, gene transfer methods Isolation of DNA, PCR (denaturation, annealing, extension with Taq polymerase), bioreactors, downstream processing Bt cotton (cry genes, protoxin), RNA interference against Meloidogyne incognita Genetically engineered insulin, gene therapy for ADA deficiency, molecular diagnosis (PCR, ELISA) Transgenic animals, GEAC, biopiracy and patents Restriction enzyme Insertional inactivation PCR RNA interference	Ch 9–10
Unit X: Ecology and environment	Natality, mortality, age pyramids; exponential dN/dt = rN and logistic growth with carrying capacity K Predation, competition (Gause's principle), parasitism, commensalism, mutualism and amensalism with NCERT examples Productivity (GPP, NPP), decomposition steps, the 10% law of energy transfer Food chains and webs; pyramids of number, biomass and energy (energy always upright) Species–area relationship, causes of loss ('evil quartet'), hotspots, sacred groves, in-situ and ex-situ conservation Carrying capacity Net primary productivity Biodiversity hotspot Evil quartet	Ch 11–13

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Official reference: NTA CUET UG 2026 Biology syllabus (paper 304, Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry) · Checked 4 Nov 2026 · Read the official PDF (opens in a new tab) · Study notes draw on: NTA CUET (UG) 2026 syllabus: Biology / Biological Science / Biotechnology / Biochemistry (304) (opens in a new tab), NCERT Class 12 Biology textbook (rationalised) (opens in a new tab). This is the 2026 syllabus, not a confirmed 2027 syllabus.